Lift

Origin: Unclear/http://punch.photoshelter.com/image?&_bqG=1&_bqH=eJxtj09PwzAMxT_NekMqoB6olIMbm8mjTZCTDPUUjYk_K9MmRvn.JNUEFeBD8nvPfokMoXl7fxhKvx8_b6BhcwGjlXY17o711XVdlfVlmarmiE6r59PmsD0WHB2Cp0XVdN2iQjUzELOBOLP6VNnMd7Lpd5T.Run_qGbfT5_51M6gbTBe.sjOZmmFyaQeW5MluyjUEjjCs7yfa2fFKwFzV0zLRTCoxsTBkURGFfLiw2rYVfJ42PNLaq1ZfIA2wpKM7vNQEXUTOT2comcM3yi3P9hlBO3Vx9PmtH0t1lN6mc8vbbtvyg--&GI_ID=

Purpose: To satirize Franco's fascist form of government and poke fun at his administration's attempt to detach itself from Mussolini-ism

Value: The cartoon illustrates the absurdity/naivete inherent in Franco's desire to differentiate Spanish fascism from Italian fascism

Limitations: It's clearly from an American or British perspective - the criticism is not particularly insightful and is designed to appeal to those who already dislike a Franco-controlled Spain

origin: Tísner, La Esquella de la Torratxa, 14-8-1936
purpose: It is criticizing the amount of political parties there were during this time period, and how they all were vying for power and support. These guys thought that LLET was another acronym, but they are mistaken (looks like a milk truck)
value:It shows the political turmoil at the time. Though it is a couple years ahead of what we are learning, I also grew tired of the seemingly endless number of political parties and we have learned about some of these parties.
limitations: Doesnt give us a feel for what side these guys are on, just that they are normal people who are a in a little over their heads in the political realm

Origin: Escobar, The Esquella of Torratxa , 8/21/1936

Purpose: 1936 was the year of the 3rd General Elections. As we discussed in class, there were stereotypes given by the Popular Front and the National Front. This political cartoon is showing is talking about the country either being fascist, or not being fascist. 

Value: The value of this cartoon is that the result of the elections would have the country either Fascists or not. It shows that the 'not' was not significant but it was just something different than fascism.

Limitations: I cannot really figure out who this beautiful bald woman is. It can either be saying that they only support fascism, or that they would rather have anything except fascism.

Origin: La Esquella de la Torratxa, 14-8-1936

Purpose: To spread the ideals of Republicanism, while depicting Fascists as savages / angry, crazy people.

Value:  It is clear that La Esquella de la Torratxa was promoting Republicanism.  In this the first picture, not only do they men appear strong and united, but the overall everything  seems more in control and put together.  The bottom picture, however, shows fascists as out of control.  It has a dark background and it seems as though everyone in the picture is not united as they are mostly looking in different directions.  Also the people are displayed as unattractive and evil. 

Limitations: Clearly from a bias stand point

The cartoon represents what occurred during casa viejas as illustrated by the burning city in the background. I believe the two people represent the civil guard which illustrates the command of the Republic. The fact that one man holds a hose means that the intention of the Republic was to neutralize the anarchists that had overtaken the village. The fact that the other man is blowing up the city reflects the affect of the "neutralization." The republican government actually caused more harm than good in trying to control the country.

Origen: Blanco y Negro (Madrid) 28/05/1933
Purpose: The purpose of this cartoon is to comment on political tensions between the left wing at the time. The comment is that the fight between Lerroux and Azaña will result in both of their failure.
Value: The value of this to us is that we can see that at the time infighting among liberals was seen as a factor that could cause their failure.
Limitations: This cartoon is limited to comments only the liberals, it doesn't comment of the conservative politics at the time.

Right v Left

Origin: by Goiko from Adelante (Bilbao),  June 27 1931
Purpose: The single man represents a person fighting for the conservative and religious values of the rural Basque region, fighting against the massive city-men who are fighting for a republic.
Value: This cartoon emphasizes the separation between the left and right groups that continue to form and be emphasized throughout the 1930s, but furthermore shows the violence and intimidation between the two groups, which we know continues to create conflict for the government and Spain as one nation.
Limitation: The cartoon clearly seems to be bias toward the conservative right wing because the Basque man is depicted as strong and in control, whereas the other city-men are seen as smaller, older, angrier and less in control of the situation.
Question: How does this cartoon relate and suggest what comes next after the elections in 1931?

Elecciones

Origen: La Esquella de la Torratxa, 8-10-1915

Purpose: This cartoon is discussing how people had little faith in the elections of the Restoration.

Value: 

Limitations: When I looked into La Esquella de la Torratxa, I found out that it is a Catalan publication.  This is a skewed look at the Restoration.

origen: Punch 30.8.1939
Purpose: to show how political leaders (hitler) felt about people who did not agree with him
value: although this is specifically hitler and anti-communism, I think many of these same beliefs were being shared during Spains second republic. A huge separation arose between parties and although some parties wanted unity, they did not see eye to eye
limitations: this cartoon shows hitler and not political parties of spain.

Serenata

Origin: 10.2.1931, David Low
Purpose: This comic shows Alfonso XIII trying to "win" back this woman who represents all Spanish people right before the second republic in Spain came about.
Value:  This cartoon was published only a few days before Berenguer resigned, showing the political situation Spain was in.  Two months after this cartoon was published the second republic was proclaimed.
Limitations: Alfonso XIII is depicted as serenading the Spanish people, looking content however this does not accurately show Alfonso XIII at the time the cartoon was published.

Origen: ABC (Madrid) 15/04/1931

Purpose: This cartoon is commenting on the worries of the upper classes that the transition to a republic will not be smooth and tranquil but instead will cause panic. This was published one day after the king fled the country and the republic began so it was a time of uncertainty.

Limitations: It appears to represent the views of wealthy conservatives and does not provide the perspective of liberals in favor of a republic.

Value: This is valuable to us because it shows the resistance of the traditionally powerful people in Spain and their resentment of the new changes. 

Origen: El Mirador, 16-4-1931
Purpose: This cartoon is harder to interpret. It was two days after the elections where the Republicans/Socialists won 46 of 52 provincal capitals. The Second Republic had just begun, and this seems to show that the people where happy and hopeful with it.
Limitations: A bit too broad of a message.
Value: Though simple, it gives us an idea of the sentiment at the time. The lady is holding the scale, which signifies justice. So it seems that the writer feels like the Second Republic is a fair government being born from the voting box (or the people). It makes you feel like the republic will succeed or soar as the people are doing in the picture

  

Origen:

David Low, Evening Standard, 10-2-1931

Purpose: To show the time period before the second Republic with Alfonso playing the guitar, Berenguer holding the crown and Carmen in the window.

Value: Alfonso is shown as a relaxed person who has no worries just playing the guitar while Berenguer is holding the crown waiting to take over.

Limitations:  We have not learned who Carmen is. 

Purpose: The cartoon is illustrating that life isn't better when Spain is free. It depicts poverty and economic downturn, which is a reflection of the Great Depression. The cartoon also illustrates the wide gap between the rich and the poor.
Value: The cartoon is valuable because it illustrates that some people were against the republic and they didn't believe that the republic was going to be able to fix everything. There was anti-republic sentiments within Spain and people may be thinking that life would be better under a monarchy or even under a dictatorship.
Limitations: Obviously one huge limitation is that I don't know when or where it was published.

So, my cartoon is on Miguel Primo de Rivera... but you can never learn too much about a topic, right?

- Yes, Dad. Every day we read a beautiful master page; previously selections.

- What now?

- Now is the Gazette.

Origin: The Guardian, 10.10.1923

Purpose: This cartoon followed the coup of Primo de Rivera. The cartoon is referring to the Board ruling by military decree. The student is referring to how many new laws and decrees that will be published in the official gazette now.

Value: The author of the cartoon is criticizing the Boards ability to rule by military. 

Limitations: The limitations of the cartoon is that it is unclear which group exactly is criticizing their ability. I'm sure this is not the universal thought on the matter and it is unclear who exactly shares this criticism.

IIR

- No me explico por qué le llamáis camaleón a don Senén.

- Porque en cuanto vino la República cambió de color.

Origen: El Imparcial, 21-4-1931

Purpose: to comment on the actions of don Senén, who represented the Society of Jesus

Value: this date of this cartoon is what gives it value, this is one week after the republic was declared

Limitation: How impartial can this paper actually be?

Purpose: To show that Spain isn't any better under a republic. Spain is free, but there is a huge contrast between the rich and poor. There is poverty and times of economic hardship, which is a reflection of the world wide effects of the Great Depression.
Value: It is valuable because it illustrates that some individuals resented the second republic. Maybe they were thinking that times were better under the monarchy or even the dictatorship.
Limitations: Obviously I don't know the date or the place this cartoon was published, so that is a limitation of truly understanding what the artist is depicting.