Tuesday, February 15, 2011

Libertè, Egalitè, e Fraternitè!


The Slogan´s of the French Revolution, Libertè, Egalitè, & Fraternitè influenced Spain and Europe in the past and continue to do so even today. The following are two interesting quotes of an important figure of the XIXth century which pose an interesting dilemma for those of us who believe in these ideals.


“Two words are enough to create evil, two words which because they are empty of meaning, enchant the dreamers by emptiness. These two words are Liberty & Equality.”

“The people let themselves be duped easily enough, you cannot exaggerate the goodness of the people, I might even say of all people’s, but their ignorance is great, and therefore they must be led.”

Prince Metternich
Austrian chancellor and foreign minister, dominated the European political scene after 1815. The architect of the Congress of Vienna he represented and embodied the conservative and autocratic values of the period. He was driven from power in 1848 when a revolution in Vienna forced him to flee the country.

What are your opinions? From the review we did of the XIXth century, how do you think these ideas apply to Spain during this period?

Wednesday, October 27, 2010

Historical monuments in Europe

ITALY
Altare de la Patria, Rome

Venezia





Ponte Vecchio, Florence


SPAIN

Palacio Real, Madrid

Sagrada Familia, Barcelona
Camino de Santiago

 FRANCE
The Unknown Soldier
Students please comment on the historical importance of the monuments which you visited in your travels through Europe.





Saturday, March 20, 2010

Picasso´s Guernica 3D

Saturday, March 6, 2010

El franquismo enterró a 349 niños en la fosa de Málaga



M.FERNÁNDEZ / A. MUNÁRRIZ - MÁLAGA / SEVILLA - 04/03/2010 11:16

La fosa común de Málaga, de la que han sido exhumados restos de 2.840 personas, acogió los cuerpos de 349 niños muertos de hambre, enfermedades o heridas. Así lo recoge el informe de la excavación de las ocho fosas y el patio civil del cementerio de San Rafael, el mayor enterramiento de la Guerra Civil y la represión abierto hasta hoy.

La cifra de 349 niños se refiere a críos menores de diez años, según la Consejería de Justicia. Murieron la mayoría en 1937 y en años inmediatamente posteriores.

No siempre eran descendientes de enterrados allí. Bastaba con que fueran hijos de quienes eran rojos a ojos de los rebeldes, que los inhumaban en la fosa sin apenas control. "Un niño que iba a la cárcel con su madre, si moría de hambre o tifus, iba allí. Uno muerto en un bombardeo, también", explica una fuente de la investigación. Más de un tercio de estas víctimas infantiles (132) estaban en el sector 8, donde abundan las inhumaciones en féretro de cuerpos llegados desde la prisión provincial.

Aparte de los 349 niños, se han exhumado cadáveres de 1.138 hombres y 89 mujeres. Del resto de cuerpos (1.262 más), no se determinó el sexo. Hasta el momento, sólo se ha identificado a una persona. Ahora está abierto el plazo para que las familias que creen tener familiares allí den ADN a la Universidad de Málaga. Más de 200 ya lo han hecho. Se prevé que se sumen otros dos centenares más. La cal viva dificultará las identificaciones.
Dos décadas de exterminio

En el cementerio, hay registrados 4.471 entierros en la fosa común. Es decir, faltan 1.631 cadáveres por exhumar. Existen hipótesis, no certificadas, que sugieren que hubo traslados a otros lugares, como el Valle de los Caídos. La Asociación contra la Memoria y el Olvido -promotora de la exhumación en la que ha participado la Junta, el Gobierno y el Ayuntamiento- pretende que se construya un panteón con todos los huesos y una placa con los 4.471 nombres

Según el informe, los cuerpos fueron enterrados entre febrero de 1937 y mayo de 1957. Se trató de un "exterminio seleccionado durante dos décadas". La mayoría fueron disparos en el pecho. Abundan los tiros de gracia con arma corta. Hay individuos golpeados con objetos contundentes. Muchos eran arrojados de tal forma que quedaban "en posiciones extremas". La mayoría tenía "entre 20 y 40 años".

Los enterrados en las seis primeras fosas fueron fusilados en la primera mitad de 1937. Los del sector 7, a partir de entonces. En el Patio Civil, eran sepultados los no creyentes y los suicidas. "Solían estar maniatados con alambres", explica el director de los trabajos, Sebastián Fernández.

Monday, February 8, 2010

Men of Words




" We know that words cannot move mountains, but they can move the multitude; and men are more ready to fight and die for words than for anything else. Words shape thought, stir feeling, and beget action; they kill and revive, corrupt and cure. The "men of words" -priests, prophets, intellectuales- have played a more decisive role in history than military leaders, statesman, and buisnessmen. "
Eric Hoffer

I would like to hear your opinions on the quote and to what extent you believe this has any relevance for the History of Spain. Provide specific examples to support your opinions.

Friday, November 13, 2009

Americans in the Spanish Civil War





Opinions?? Comments??

Falange: Spain´s Fascist solution



Opinions?? Comments??

Saturday, November 7, 2009

World War One: The tragedy of the XXth century





Without a proper understanding of the impact of this war on the world, the growing brutality and inhumanity of the twentieth century is difficult to explain. Many of the technological advances during the war made nations ever more efficient at producing weapons that could kill and destroy their enemies more quickly and efficiently. What are your opinions and understanding of this tragic event?

Friday, October 16, 2009

Education in Alicante in 1916-17





The image that you see is a historical document that comes from a school book text used in the Colegio de Santo Domingo in Orihuela (a town in the Province of Alicante) during the 1916-17 school year. The documents presents a set of "things to avoid " at the end of the summer for the school kids. Here are a few of the things that are said to be avoided:

-Bad or suspicious friends. Never be alone with them if forced to be with them at family gatherings.
-Read or Listen to someone read bad newspapers, magazines, or books.
-Going to dangerous plays, dances, or other forms of entertainment.

Three fatal abuses in rural life:

I. Very little modesty in dress or postures
II. Friendship with others of the opposite sex.
III. Certain jokes, that although not bad, could be considered by those with good manners offensive.

-Be a slave to human respectability! This should always be followed by some gesture related to religion.
- Excessive familiarity or despotism with house servants(In spanish "criados": those who are raised )
-Finally, avoid independence and distancing of oneself from your parents. Sacrifice your fun to keep them company.


As historians, what kind of new information does this shed to us about the education that students received during that period ? What we can learn from this historical document? I want to hear your opinions and interpretations.

Sunday, October 4, 2009

Libertè, Egalitè, e Fraternitè!





The Slogan´s of the French Revolution, Libertè, Egalitè, & Fraternitè influenced Spain and Europe in the past and continue to do so even today. The following are two interesting quotes of an important figure of the XIXth century which pose an interesting dilemma for those of us who believe in these ideals.


“Two words are enough to create evil, two words which because they are empty of meaning, enchant the dreamers by emptiness. These two words are Liberty & Equality.”

“The people let themselves be duped easily enough, you cannot exaggerate the goodness of the people, I might even say of all people’s, but their ignorance is great, and therefore they must be led.”

Prince Metternich
Austrian chancellor and foreign minister, dominated the European political scene after 1815. The architect of the Congress of Vienna he represented and embodied the conservative and autocratic values of the period. He was driven from power in 1848 when a revolution in Vienna forced him to flee the country.

What are your opinions? From the review we did of the XIXth century, how do you think these ideas apply to Spain during this period?